Peer Reviewed Citations and Evidence Based Resources are Accessible by the Following Web-Based Hyperlinks
If you are interested in learning more about Illinois Advance Directives please the following references below.
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References and Citations
A.D.A.M. (2026, January 14). Health care agents. Medline Plus. Retrieved August 13, 2026, from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000469.htm
Advance care planning: Advance directives for health care. (2022, October 31). https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/advance-care-planning/advance-care-planning-advance-directives-health-care. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/advance-care-planning/advance-care-planning-advance-directives-health-care
Advanced directives. (n.d.). Illinois Department of Public Health. Retrieved July 31, 2026, from https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/health-care-regulation/nursing-homes/advance-directives.html
Bhattacharya, S., Bhattacharya, K., & Bhattacharya, N. (2025). Living will in Critical care scenario—The need of the hour. Indian Journal of Surgery, 87(3), 413–418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12262-024-04141-7
Breyre, A. M., Merkle-Scotland, E. J., Yang, D. H., Hanson, K., Jagani, S., Tolkoff, A., & Gunaga, S. (2025). Do not resuscitate (DNR) emergency medical services (EMS) protocol variation in the United States. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 97, 123–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2025.07.035
Broeder, P. (2022). Colours of emotion, trust, and exclusivity. Cultura e Scienza del Colore - Color Culture and Science, 14(2), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.23738/CCSJ.140202
Estates (755 ILCS 40/) health care surrogate act. (2026). ILGA.gov. https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/ILCS/Articles?ActID=2111&ChapterID=60
Guillen, A. G. P., Recarte, T. A., Castillo, M. P., Ramirez, M. E. Z., & Mártir, J. F. S. (2025). Enhancing advance directive completion among older adults in the geriatrics Clinic in indiana, USA: A quality improvement initiative. Healthcare, 13(23), Article 3086. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13233086
Gül, Y. G., Uzman, S., Haspolat, A., Tanrıkulu, N., Kalfoğlu, E. A., & Köprülü, A. Ş. (2026). How do intensive care physicians wish to die? A cross-sectional study on end-of-life preferences and the role of palliative care. Frontiers in Medicine, 13, Article 1872490. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2026.1872490
House, S. A., Schoo, C., & , W. A. O. (2025, May 5). Advance directives. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459133/
IDPH uniform practitioner order for life-sustaining treatment (POLST) form. (2022, September). State of Illinois Department of Public Health. https://dph.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/idph/forms/topics-services/health-care-regulation/nursing-homes/POLST_220926.pdf
Illinois Department of Public Health. (2022). POLST guidance for health care providers and professionals. Retrieved August 23, 2026, from https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/health-care-regulation/nursing-homes/advance-directives/polst-guidance-health-care.html
Illinois living will act (755 Ill. Comp. Stat. 35/3 (1988)). (1988). https://www.ilga.gov/Legislation/ILCS/Articles?ActID=2110&ChapterID=60
Jennings, L. A., Wenger, N. S., Liang, L.-J., Parikh, P., Powell, D., Escarce, J. J., & Zingmond, D. (2022). Care preferences in physician orders for life sustaining treatment in California nursing homes. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 70(7), 2040–2050. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17737
Kimpel, C., & Maxwell, C. (2026). Barriers and facilitators to Advance care planning for special populations: Adults with low income in Nashville, Tennessee. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol31No01Man03
Medline Plus. (2026). Do-not-resuscitate order. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved August 23, 2026, from https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000473.htm
Miller, B., & Reitz, E. (2026). Evidence based strategies for nursing students and advance directive preparedness. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 31(1). https://doi.org/10.3912/ojin.vol31no01man06
National Institute on Aging. (2022, October 31). Advance care planning: Advance directives for health care. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/advance-care-planning/advance-care-planning-advance-directives-health-care
National Institute on Aging. (2023, February 1). Getting your affairs in order checklist: Documents to prepare for the future. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. Retrieved August 13, 2026, from https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/advance-care-planning/getting-your-affairs-order-checklist-documents-prepare-future
National Institute on Aging. (2026). Advanced directives. Illinois Department of Public Health. Retrieved July 21, 2026, from https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/health-care-regulation/nursing-homes/advance-directives.html
Statement of Illinois law on advance directives. (n.d.). State of Illinois Department of Human Services. https://www.dhs.state.il.us/onenetlibrary/12/documents/Forms/IL462-0007.pdf#:~:text=What%20happens%20if%20you%20don't%20have%20an,close%20friend%2C%20or%20guardian%20of%20the%20estate.
Solari, A., Ticozzi, N., Comi, G., Mancardi, G., Provinciali, L., Padovani, A., & Pucci, E. (2025). Neurology and physician-assisted suicide: Glossary of definitions and terminology. Neurological Sciences, 46(6), 2381–2392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-025-08064-3
Vranick, J., Sanghavi, D. K., Torp, K. D., & Stanton, M. (2022, September 26). Stat pearls: Do not resuscitate. National Library of Medicine. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470163/